Written by Dan Lutts
Pssst! Can you keep a secret?
No?
Well, neither can the Museum Center at 5ive Points as we reveal some — but not all — in our latest exhibit, called “Secret Societies: Past and Present Fraternal Organizations in Bradley County.”
The exhibit runs from July 17th to August 28th and is sponsored by the Odd Fellow Lodge of Cleveland.
Why Men Joined Secret Societies

Lithograph from the Cleveland, Tennessee, Odd Fellows Lodge
To many of us, secret societies — fraternal organizations — today consist of men who do good deeds for the community. And when we mention fraternal orders, we probably think immediately of the Shriners, Masons, Elks, or Odd Fellows.
In Victorian America of the 19th and early 20th century, though, fraternal orders were a powerful force in society. In fact, by 1897 almost 30% of the men in the United States — 5.5 million out of 19 million men — belonged to secret societies. Some men even belonged to two or more.
What made belonging to a secret society so compelling that almost six million men would join one? The reasons are varied, and reflect the basic nature of American society at that time. Unlike today, few people in Victorian America had access to life insurance. A man’s death could leave his wife and kids destitute. Likewise, the man’s family might not even have enough money to bury him. Many secret societies were formed to provide their members with life insurance and burial insurance.
America also was — and still is — a melting pot. Some fraternal orders were formed so that members of an ethnic or racial group could come together for camaraderie or could escape their everyday anonymity in a society that was becoming more and more industrialized and urbanized.
Still other societies were formed for benevolence — so that their members could do good deeds for their community.
Membership in fraternal organizations cut across social and economic boundaries. A secret society was one of the few places where a day laborer could become Grand High Master and a bank president an ordinary member. Talk about equalitarianism!
Women Enter the Picture

Items Belonging to the Local African-American Chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star
Men weren’t the only sex to form secret societies. Women did, too, as auxiliaries to their all-male counterparts. The Rebekahs, the Eastern Star, and the Daughters of Americas are only three of the many all-female secret orders.
Characteristics of Secret Societies
All fraternal organizations have two characteristics in common. First, all members took a secret oath that bound them together. And, second, they conducted their meetings using secret signs and secret rituals.
The oaths and rituals also cut across sectional lines. Many stories exist about Civil War battles and their aftermath in which a Yankee or Confederate Mason, coming upon a wounded enemy, would recognize the man’s Masonic ring or the Masonic secret sign he gave and come to the aid of his Masonic brother.
Secret Societies in Bradley County
Men in Bradley County formed their first lodge in 1836, soon after the county itself was organized. Secret societies continued being developed throughout the rest of the century and into the next as more and more men came together for access to insurance, for camaraderie, and to do good deeds in their communities.
By the mid-20th century, Bradley County boasted a variety of fraternal organizations, including the:
- Elks
- Improved Order of Red Men
- Junior Order of United American Mechanics
- Knights of Columbus
- Knights of Pythias
- Masons
- Odd Fellows
- Woodsmen of the World
The Exhibit

Items Belonging to the Local Chapter of Odd Fellows
The Museum Center’s “Secret Societies: Past and Present Fraternal Organizations in Bradley County” will feature objects that illustrate the important role benevolence — such as supporting education and helping orphans — played in the fraternal orders. The exhibit also will display photographs and elaborate colored lithographs members used to decorate the halls of their lodges during the Victorian era.
The highlight of the exhibit, though, will be the recreation of a Victorian-era lodge hall, complete with fraternal clothing, ribbons, and other ritual paraphernalia — including a mechanical goat.
The exhibit also will feature artifacts from local chapters of women’s secret societies such as the Eastern Star here in Bradley County.
Educational Programs
The Museum Center has planned three programs to coincide with the exhibit: two jewelry classes and a van trip to the Frist Center for the Visual Arts.
Even though the exhibit is about secret societies, jewelry artists Carla Boudrot and Claire Groff have their own secrets to making beautiful jewelry. And they’ll share these secrets with you for an “initiation” fee. The fee is well worth the secrets they’ll pass on to you. (There’s no need to learn secret oaths or handshakes.)
Fine Silver Charm Jewelry Class — Saturday, July 31st
On Saturday, July 31, Carla Boudrot will offer a beginner’s jewelry class that runs from 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.
Carla will show you how to use Precious Metal Clay (called PMC) to make four charms. (PMC, by the way, is a mixture of microns of pure .999 silver or 22k gold, water, and an organic binder which is fired.) In this class, you’ll use PMC3 silver clay to make your charms.
During the class, you’ll learn how to fire, polish, and apply a finish coat of patina or color to the charms. You’ll also add findings to the charms so you can attach your charms to a bracelet or necklace.
Don’t worry about tools and equipment. They will all be provided to you.
You must reserve a spot and prepay for the class by Wednesday, July 21st. The cost is $60 for members and $65 for non-members.
Chunky Spiral Bracelet Class — Saturday, August 14th
On Sataurday, August 14, Claire Groff will offer a fun class in which you’ll make an eye-catching beaded bracelet using the herringbone (or “Ndebele”) stitch. You’ll use three different sizes and shapes of beads to make the bracelet. You’ll also learn how to attach a clasp to the bracelet. The class will run from 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.
Just so you know: This class is not about stringing beads. It’s about weaving beads, which is a completely different technique from stringing them.
The class is for both beginning beaders and more experienced beaders.
Don’t worry about tools and equipment. They will all be provided to you.
You must reserve a spot and prepay for the class by Wednesday, August 7th. The cost is $60 for members and $65 for non-members.
Van Trip to Frist Center for the Visual Arts — Monday, August 9th
On August 9th, we’re going by van to the Frist Center for the Visual Arts to see two knock-out exhibits: “Dale Chihuly Art Glass” and “The Golden Age of Couture.” The trip will last from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
“Dale Chihuly Art Glass”
We’ll tour the Dale Chihuly contemporary glass exhibit to see beautiful works done by this internationally famous glass artist from Seattle.
“The Golden Age of Couture”
After we see the art glass exhibit, we’ll get a guided tour of an exhibit that features clothing from the fashion houses of Paris and London from the golden years of women’s fashions: 1947-1957.
You must reserve a spot and prepay for the class by Wednesday, August 2nd. The cost is $30 for members and $35 for non-members.
| Secret Societies Exhibit |
|
| Day and Time |
July 17th-August 28, during regular museum hours |
| Fine Silver Charm Jewelry Class |
|
| Day and Time |
Saturday, July 31st from 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. |
| Price |
$60 for members; $65 for non-members |
| Reservations: |
Required — no later than Wednesday, July 21st |
| Reservation Deadline: |
Wednesday, July 21st |
| Prepayment: |
Required — no latter than Wednesday, July 21st |
| Prepayment Deadline: |
Wednesday, July 21st |
| Chunky Spiral Bracelet Class |
|
| Day and Time |
Saturday, August 14th from 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. |
| Price |
$60 for members; $65 for non-members |
| Reservations: |
Required — no later than Saturday, August 7th |
| Reservation Deadline: |
Saturday, August 7th |
| Prepayment: |
Required — no later than Saturday, August 7th |
| Prepayment Deadline: |
Saturday, August 7th |
| Van Trip to Frisk Center for the Visual Arts |
|
| Day and Time |
Monday, August 9th from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. |
| Price |
$60 for members; $65 for non-members |
| Reservations: |
Required — no later than Monday, August 2nd |
| Reservation Deadline: |
Monday, August 2nd |
| Prepayment: |
Required — no later than Monday, August 2nd |
| Prepayment Deadline: |
Monday, August 2nd |
| For Reservations and Prepayment, or for Information: |
Call 339-5745 and ask for Tracy O’Connell or Ken Cagle |